Biodynamism is based on the theories of Austrian philosopher Rudolf Steiner who merges cosmology, science and holistic methods to form a model for viticulture and vinification that promotes a healthy environment for grape growth and winemaking.
To be biodynamic is to work along with the specific environment of your viticultural location. What this means is that a biodynamic winery will work with the natural world to grow their grapes, maintain their vineyard and make their wine. Using the sunlight, wind patterns, temperature at particular times of day, composting and natural fertilizer, and other purely natural techniques are examples of biodynamic practices. The basic philosophy is to be an extension of the natural conditions. The way of the land, the conditions of the earth, the currents in the air, and the energy in the sunlight are all valuable resources as well as necessary components of the winemaking process. Biodynamic winemaking is sensitive to all of these elements and listens to them very closely. Being biodynamic also means listening to cosmic cycles. Certain times of day and moments in the cosmic cycle are optimal for certain steps in the winemaking process. I don’t know when the moons gravitational pull is most conducive to bottling wine, but a biodynamic winemaker will. And the biodynamic winemaker will follow the sun, the moon, and the planets schedules, even if it means stirring the lees at 4 am or bottling wine on a Friday night at 10. Biodynamic techniques can take many forms, but the main elements are listening to the cosmic cycles and using purely natural ways of treating the soil and maintaining the vineyards.
Wine writer and serious wine expert (holy understatements, Batman!) Oz Clarke* explains that “biodynamism means paying intensely detailed attention to your vines and soil.” In this way, I understand biodynamics as an extension of terroir. Now, this is an idea I can get behind. Being in tune with the energy and environment in addition to the soil, water, sunlight, etc. can only mean more precise and more engaged terroir.
*Oz Clarke and Margaret Rand. Grapes & Wines. New York: Sterling Epicure, 2010. (p. 22).

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